Comprehensive promotion period of building energy conservation

2005 ~ 2015 is the comprehensive promotion period of building energy conservation. The formulation of gb50189-2005 design standard for energy efficiency of public buildings marks the full coverage of China's building energy conservation in the field of civil buildings. At the same time, building energy conservation has been further extended from the design stage to the construction stage, and a series of energy conservation standards for the construction process have been issued. The number of green buildings using renewable energy such as solar energy, natural wind and geothermal energy is gradually increasing. During this period, many specifications were issued successively:

Gb50189-2005 design standard for energy efficiency of public buildings

GB50411-2007 code for acceptance of construction quality of building energy conservation engineering

JGJ / t132-2009 testing standard for energy efficiency of residential buildings

Jgj176-2009 technical code for energy saving transformation of public buildings

JGJ / t117-2009 test standard for energy efficiency of public buildings

Jgj26-2010 design standard for energy efficiency of residential buildings in severe cold and cold areas

Jgj134-2010 design standard for energy efficiency of residential buildings in hot summer and cold winter areas

Jgj75-2012 design standard for energy efficiency of residential buildings in hot summer and warm winter areas

JGJ / t129-2012 technical code for energy saving transformation of existing residential buildings

Comprehensive deepening development period of building energy conservation

From 2015 to now, it is a period of comprehensively deepening the development of building energy conservation. Building energy-saving standards and energy-saving norms were further improved, and energy-saving targets were further increased. In terms of energy-saving design, buildings are required to adopt passive energy-saving design, and pay attention to building orientation, layout, shape coefficient and climate adaptability. In terms of energy use, it is required to improve the efficiency of energy systems and equipment, use renewable energy to replace traditional energy, and achieve the goal of sustainable development of green buildings.

Gb50189-2015 design standard for energy efficiency of public buildings

Gb50176-2016 code for thermal design of civil buildings

GB / t51350-2019 technical standard for near zero energy consumption buildings

Jgj26-2018 design standard for energy efficiency of residential buildings in severe cold and cold areas

Building energy consumption is a continuous process, which covers building construction, daily operation and use of buildings, scrapping and demolition and other aspects. In the whole life cycle of buildings, the energy consumed to maintain the normal operation and use of buildings accounts for the largest proportion. Green sustainable development strategy requires buildings to take more passive energy-saving measures in the use process, such as reasonable shading components, reasonable ventilation organization and so on. At the same time, the use of active technologies such as fans, air conditioners and floor heating shall be reduced as much as possible.

As one of the passive energy-saving technologies, building external shading is an energy-saving measure that is not only economical, but also can improve the indoor light and thermal environment. On the one hand, the sun shading components with reasonable design can prevent the direct sunlight from entering the room through the glass, reduce the transmittance of solar radiation, and ensure sufficient sunshine in winter, so as to reduce the energy consumption of air conditioning and adjust the indoor thermal comfort; On the other hand, it can improve the uniformity of indoor illumination, alleviate the visual fatigue caused by uneven indoor lighting, eliminate the serious glare caused by direct sunlight in the window, and create a comfortable light environment for indoor users. Therefore, the external shading design of buildings is a new trend of building energy conservation development, which has strong practical significance.

Several common forms of external shading are listed below

Outdoor rolling shutter window (skylight)

Outdoor sunshade shutter

Outdoor sun visor

The form of shading has a great impact on building energy conservation. Foreign research generally studies and discusses building shading from three aspects: theory, simulation and experiment, and there are corresponding calculation formulas according to different forms. In general, integrated shading has a significant impact on reducing indoor temperature and increasing thermal comfort. Compared with traditional fixed shading components, shading systems that can be adjusted according to season and weather have also been studied.

Domestically, enterprises such as the Academy of construction Sciences and universities such as the Institute of building energy conservation of Tongji University and the dest research center of building energy conservation of South China University of technology. There are institutions that study specific building energy conservation issues. Moreover, more and more architects begin to rely on the combination of software simulation and actual measurement to explore the sun shading system suitable for the climate and the impact of sun shading methods, materials, dimensions and other factors on the building light environment, thermal environment, wind environment and so on.

We hope to look at the relationship between building shading and architecture with a systematic idea. Because there are many kinds of materials constituting the building facade, the design of building curtain wall, doors and windows also has a strong correlation with shading design.